Papilledema
Background
- Bilateral optic disc swelling due to increased ICP
Etiology
- Malignant hypertension
- Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri)
- Intracranial mass
- Hydrocephalus
- Cerebral edema
Clinical Features
- Increased ICP symptoms:
- Headache (esp with recumbency and in the morning)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Preservation of visual acuity
- May have visual obscurations that clear completely lasting seconds
Fundoscopy
- Loss of spontaneous venous pulsations
- Disc margin blurring
- Cup is diminished or absent
Differential Diagnosis
- Malignant hypertension
- Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri)
- Intracranial mass
- Hydrocephalus
- Cerebral edema
- Salicylate toxicity
Evaluation
Management
- Treat underlying condition